When it comes to weight management, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists gained widespread popularity in recent years. And while they may deliver effective weight loss results, GLP-1 medications often come with gastrointestinal side effects. 

Naturally, many people are asking if prebiotics or probiotics help with GLP-1 side effects. It’s a great question! First, let’s look at the common digestive-related side effects of GLP-1 medications.

What are side effects of GLP-1 medications?

GLP-1 medications work by mimicking the hormone that manages blood glucose levels, appetite and digestion. This slows gastric emptying and makes you feel fuller longer. These changes might temporarily overwhelm your digestive system, especially when first starting the medication or increasing the dosage. This is why initial side effects often include symptoms like nausea, bloating and constipation. 

How do probiotics and prebiotics work?

Probiotics and prebiotics help balance the gut microbiome—the ecosystem in which bacteria, fungi and other microorganisms live—that assists the body’s functional processes including digestive, immune, and nervous systems. 

Probiotics are living microorganisms such as bacteria and yeasts that can aid in digestion or trigger illness symptoms. Prebiotics are a type of plant fiber that feed these microorganisms and promote the growth of healthy bacteria. The probiotics are helped by the prebiotics, and both work together to help maintain your gut health.

Do prebiotics and probiotics help with GLP-1 side effects?

The gastrointestinal side effects most commonly associated with GLP-1 medications include nausea, bloating, constipation, and diarrhea. GLP-1 receptor agonists alter hormone signaling, which can disrupt the balance of the gut microbiome. Probiotics can help restore microbial balance, support digestion, and reduce inflammation. Prebiotics can further enhance these benefits by promoting an environment for this microbial growth. Together, they can improve gut motility (how food moves through the digestive tract) to reduce discomfort from GLP-1 symptoms. 

In short, prebiotics and probiotics are not an immediate cure-all, but they are a valuable tool to help maintain a healthy gut.

How can I add probiotics and prebiotics to my diet?

While supplements are available, you can safely add probiotics and prebiotics to your regular diet with foods. Probiotics can be found in fermented food and drinks, while prebiotics are plant-based fiber found in fruits and vegetables. Try adding a few of these items to your daily menu:

• Probiotics – yogurt, kefir, cottage cheese, pickles, sauerkraut, kombucha
• Prebiotics – legumes, bananas, asparagus, garlic, onions, oats, wheat bran

If you’re on other medications or have diet restrictions, talk to your doctor or nutritionist to find the best probiotic and prebiotic solutions for your personal health needs.

Manage symptoms to stay on course

Sometimes GLP-1 side effects can be frustrating, but if they are causing a serious disruption to your daily routine, reach out to your doctor for advice. They may be able to temporarily decrease your dose to give you relief. Then, as your body adjusts to the way the medications work, the dose may be increased. 

Prebiotics and probiotics offer a natural way to support gut health, but that might not be enough to relieve your discomfort as fast as you would like. Fleet® Stimulant Oral Laxative or Fleet® Liquid Glycerin Suppository may provide relief from GLP-1 related constipation, so consult your doctor to find out if these or other solutions may help.

By adjusting your diet and managing symptoms, you can help reduce the bumps in the road on your weight loss journey.